Conditions and Techniques for Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Derivation and Culture
نویسنده
چکیده
Stem cells, characterized by their ability for self-renewal and differentiation, have been derived from the embryo and from various postnatal animal sources. They are usually classified according to their developmental potential. Totipotency is defined as the ability of a single cell to replicate and produce all differentiated cells in an entire organism, including extraem‐ bryonic tissues that will develop and differentiate into the fetal placenta and fetal membranes [1,2]. In plants, spores are totipotent cells. In some cases, cells can de-differentiate and regain their totipotency. For instance, a plant cutting or callus can be utilized to grow an entire functional plant [3]. In mammals, only the zygote and early blastomeres are totipotent cells [4-7]. In other words, an individual cell is capable to generate a functionally normal animal with fertile ability [8-10]. Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, typically derived from inner cell masses (ICMs) or corresponding earlier blastomeres or later epiblasts (develop to embryo proper), are an example of pluripotent cells that can self-renew and generate all types of body cells in vivo and in vitro, but cannot generate the extraembryonic trophoblast lineage [11-14]. Under some particular conditions, an ES cell-derived mouse with germline transmission can be generated routinely [15-21]. Multipotent cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells, can give rise all cell types within a particular lineage. Spermatogonial stem cells are unipotent stem cells, as they can only form sperm [22].
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تاریخ انتشار 2013